Essay on Edwin Arlington Robinsons the Mill - 870 Words

Lucius Beebe critically analyzes Edwin Arlington Robinsons, The Mill best. Beebes analysis is from an objective point of view. He points out to the reader that what seems so obvious may not be. She notes The Mill is just a sad little tale of double suicide brought on by the encroachment of the modern world and by personal loss. Thus meaning The Mill carries a deeper underlying theme. Lucius Beebe expresses that a minor overflow of significant details has been exposed over Edwin Arlington Robinsons The Mill, much of it concerned with whether the millers wife did indeed drown herself after the miller had hanged himself. Another, even more provocative question has never been asked: did the Miller actually hang himself? Beebe†¦show more content†¦Thus, Lucius Beebe points out that Robinson sets up the stanza as a sort of verbal chandelier, with one clause hanging upon the meaning and mode of that before, and with the framework of past perfect verbs giving definition and ton e to the whole. Robinson achieves much the same effect in the second stanza, which opens with the millers wife sick with a fear that had no form, which implies that the fear has a continuation in the past. Beebe implies that a certain poetic inertia militates against supposing change, and much more is needed to indicate or certify such change than exists. This hypothesis is reinforced by the rest of the stanza, a single sentence formed by a pair of past conditional clauses. What he had meant, as direct object, parallels What else there was, as subject, forming a nice balance of speculation within the triple-layered clause. This is continued within the second clause by what was hanging from a beam, forming a seesaw of supposition that is given another push by the predicate Would not have heeded, another past conditional verb. Beebe suggests that this back and forth structure intensifies the pervasive aura of speculation that surrounds all we know of the millers wife so far. This ongoing verbal balancing act also underscores the connotative probability ofShow MoreRelated Edwin Arlington Robinson’s The Mill Essay863 Words   |  4 PagesEdwin Arlington Robinson’s The Mill Lucius Beebe critically analyzes Edwin Arlington Robinson’s, The Mill best. Beebe’s analysis is from an objective point of view. He points out to the reader that what seems so obvious may not be. She notes â€Å"The Mill is just a sad little tale of double suicide brought on by the encroachment of the modern world and by personal loss.† Thus meaning The Mill carries a deeper underlying theme. Lucius Beebe expresses that a minor overflow of significant details hasRead MoreBrief Book Summaries on Various Well Known Classic Novels Essay3043 Words   |  13 Pages 6. ) They replaced employees with no problem or consideration of how long they have been there. #10 Edwin Arlington Robinson Richard Cory Richard Cory is about a man who appears to have everything that a person would want. Then he goes home and kills himself. â€Å"Miniver Cheevy† Miniver Cheevy was a man that was not satisfied with the time or place that he lived in. â€Å"The Mill† The mill is about a guy who loses his job and then goes and hangs himself from a beam at his work, and his wife goesRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 Pagesof Congress) In 1869, Grandmother Mary had married Charles Langston, the son of a white plantation owner and a slave. In 1888, Mary and Charles Langston moved to Lawrence with their children, Carrie and Nathaniel. (Nathaniel was later killed in a mill accident.) They bought a house near Kansas University and opened a grocery store. Everyone in Lawrence respected Charles Langston, but he was not a good business man. When he died in 1892, he left Mary Langston nothing but a pair of gold earrings andRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words   |  534 Pagesspecial edition published in cooperation with Pearson Custom Publishing. Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Please visit our web site at www.pearsoncustom.com ISBN 0–536–72690–6 BA 996748 PEARSON CUSTOM PUBLISHING 75 Arlington Street, Suite 300 Boston, MA 02116 A Pearson Education Company iii iv Table of Contents SECTION ONE ................................................................. 1 An Investment Perspective and Human Resources .... 2 HUMAN RESOURCERead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesovertaxing the facilities of public transportation. 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Assignment On Human Resource Management Essay - 2246 Words

Diploma in Business Management Level 7 Assignment on Human Resource Management ( 7010 ) SUBMITTED BY : NARINDER SINGH SUBMITTED TO : Mr. IQBAL STUDENT ID : A8830 INTRODUCTION This report shows detailed and formulated pattern regarding one of the New Zealand’s top rated organization Starbucks. It is one of the public listed companies in New Zealand. Mainly this report intended to give detailed view of managerial practices in the organization. Starbucks Our story began in 1971. Back then we were a roaster and retailer of whole bean and ground coffee, tea and spices with a single store in Seattle’s Pike Place Market. Today, we are privileged to connect with millions of customers every day with exceptional products and more than 20,000 retail stores in 65 countries. Folklore Starbucks is named after the first mate in Herman Melville’s Moby Dick. Our logo is also inspired by the sea featuring a twin-tailed siren from Greek mythology. Starbucks Mission Our mission: to inspire and nurture the human spirit – one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time. Our Coffee We’ve always believed in serving the best coffee possible. It s our goal for all of our coffee to be grown under the highest standards of quality, using ethical sourcing practices. Our coffee buyers personally travel to coffee farms in Latin America, Africa andShow MoreRelatedHuman Resource Management Assignment3150 Words   |  13 PagesASSIGNMENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT SHEET FOR SUBMISSION OF ASSESSMENT Serial No: 40074724 Please note: 1. Assignments must be submitted on or before the date due.2. Students must ensure that they are not guilty of plagiarism which is, essentially, referring to the words/ideas of others without acknowledgment. Students must comply with the statement below. | Students Declaration The attached assignment is my own work, and has never been submitted for assessment on any other courseRead MoreHUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ASSIGNMENT3474 Words   |  14 PagesGaizka De Rotaeche CIB00001JJ 610 - HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ASSIGNMENT. Case Analysis: Enterprise Rent-a-Car. By Gaizka De Rotaeche June 2014. Gaizka De Rotaeche CIB00001JJ Gaizka De Rotaeche CIB00001JJ SECTION 1: Human resource management, Business environment and Human resource planning. LO1 a b (26 marks). Question 1 With the support of relevant examples from the given case: a) Define personnel management and human resource management, and discuss TWO major differences betweenRead MoreAn Assignment On Human Resource Management8731 Words   |  35 Pages AA Hamilton College HND in Business Unit 21: HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Submitted by: Name: Ana Maria Vasile Group: B9 ID: 23243 This assignment focus on analyzing human resource management in two companies: Tesco and Sainsbury which are in retail industry. It will highlight key area: human resource management, motivation, employment low. Tesco plc is the largest retailer in UK, as well as being a highly significant retailer globally.Tesco PLC is a British multinational groceryRead MoreHuman Resource Management Assignment981 Words   |  4 Pagesattention to details, possessing a sales aptitude and interested in preventing errors and solving problems Must be computer literate and current on information and communication technology skills Self motivated Excellence in organization and time management skills 2. Compare the common tasks and behavioral objectives contained within the job descriptions or lists of duties. In both cases, the worker will be required to coordinate activities using the Information Communication Technology platformRead MoreAssignment 3 : Human Resources Management1461 Words   |  6 PagesMatthew Allen September 29, 2014 LS 625 Assignment 3 – Human Resources Management Issue CASE STUDY: Read Part One of the text: Chapters 1-4. Write a description of a problematic situation or incident that you have witnessed or experienced in your workplace. The situation or incident should focus on a human resource management issue. In detailing the incident, begin with an overview of the circumstances surrounding the initial development of the problem. Include specific details, the people involvedRead MoreHuman Resources Management : Individual Assignment1956 Words   |  8 PagesHuman Resources Management: Individual Assignment – Topic 2 Introduction An employee may be happy with his job and the challenge it offers him but you wouldn’t want him to feel that he’s not valued or rewarded enough for his actions because one day, that employee may be your top contributor. The next day he could be a top contributor for some other company. If that wasn’t bad enough, that ‘some other company’ may very well turn out to the employer’s stiff competitor. Employees have that choiceRead MoreAssignment Unit 8 : Human Resource Management Essay913 Words   |  4 PagesWritten Assignment Unit 8 Human Resource Management University of the People Thesis Statement Our writing assignment for the final week of study is to visit, wikipedia.org and write about the topics of, recruitment of personnel, performance appraisals, and training and development. I shall define each of the three topics and also provide some personal insight into my experiences with each of these aspects of Human Resources. I was surprised that the assignment is directing us to Wikipedia, as moreRead Moreassignment on Organisations and Human Resource Management Essay5251 Words   |  22 Pagesï » ¿ UNIVERSITY OF NICOSIA ORGANIZATIONS HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT MODULE CODE: MBAN-609DE ASSIGNMENT 1 BY: PERFECT MAWUNYA DEKU SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 2014 A REPORT ON WHY STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IS IMPERATIVE TO THE LONG TERM SUCCESS OF THE COMPANY INTRODUCTION Over the years, successful Human Resource management has proved to maximize services, profit margins and the entire work profile of various consortiums, companies and multi-national firms. I believe HRMRead MoreEssay on Assignment 2: Human Resource Management Training Proposal2089 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"Human Resource Management Training Proposal† Week 8 Assignment By: Beira Romero HSA 320 Professor: Teresa Cole 08/25/2013 Overview of the Process and Steps Human resources planning assess the manpower requirement for future period of time. It attempts to provide sufficient manpower required to perform organizational activities. HR planning is a continuous process which starts with identification of HR objectives, move through analysis of manpower resources and ends at appraisal of HRRead MoreBA 340 Human Resource Management All Assignments Midterm and Final Exam1671 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿BA 340 (Human Resource Management) All Assignments, Midterm, and Final Exam IF You Want To Purcahse A+ Work then Click The Link Below For Instant Down Load http://www.hwprofile.com/?download=ba-340-human-resource-management-all-assignments-midterm-and-final-exam IF You Face Any Problem Then E Mail Us At JOHNMATE1122@GMAIL.COM W1 Assignment â€Å"Workplace Shifts†    Society has evolved over the last century causing organizations to change with the times.       This evolution has, in turn, required workers

Utilization of GIS in Tourism Free Essays

Utilization of GIS in Tourism BY Raymondville Abstract Currently, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is becoming to be known as one of those most valuable analytical tools for managing, displaying large volumes of data and decision making that pertinent to regional planning activities or local Infrastructure constructions (Giles, 2003). Nevertheless, compared with the success GIS technology gained in other fields, the utilization of GIS applications in tourism field is small and with slow growth. From an engineer’s perspective, adoption of GIS technology brings benefits to the sustainable tourism in numbers of ways, including election making under the context of huge volume of Information, estimation of travel time, monitoring the traffic situation, and also evaluating the planning phase as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Utilization of GIS in Tourism or any similar topic only for you Order Now From a different angle, successful GIS establishment can efficiently assist tourists to achieve satisfaction and affectively make local economic promotion. Introduction GIS technology refers to â€Å"a geographic information system integrates hardware, software, and data for capturing, managing, analyzing, and displaying all forms of geographically referenced information† (SERIES official website). This remarkable imputer-based set of tools enables people are used for collecting, storing, retrieving, mapping, analyzing, transforming and displaying spatial and non-spatial data from geographic world for a particular set of purposes that varies for each discipline (Gabbier. 2005). GIS in Tourism The generic capableness of GIS Indicate that this technology has tremendous potential in tourism in the visualization term, but its applications are limited in tourism field due to lack of general database of those visitors. For instance, GIS is unable to Illustrate the origin and destination of visitors. What is more, it cannot predict the resists’ expenditure patterns, motivation of travel, transportation selection, etc. In order to pursue a further investigation, Bearer and Elliot-White categorized functionalities of GIS. The table 1 demonstrated below is the generic capabilities of a GIS (Batter and Elliot-White, 1999). Table 1 capabilities of a GIS Functional capabilities of a GIS GIS Basic Questions Tourism Applications Data entry , Storage and manipulation Location What is at? Tourism Resource Inventories Map production Condition Where Is it? Identify most suitable locations for Database Integration and management Trend What has changed? Measure ours impacts Data queries and searches Routing Which is the best route? Visitor management/flows Spatial analysis Pattern What is the pattern Analyze Assess potential impacts of tourism development Decision support Source: Bearer and Elliot-White 1999, p. 159 Both GIS and tourism are sharing the common boundaries and disciplines such as the geography of particular area, urban development, environmental analysis and traffic study. This characteristic determines the usage of GIS provides information to land managers or stockholders to analyze the risks and opportunities associated the growing tourism industry. For example, whether the increasing visitors in a particular land would put local biodiversity and water source to risk or create enormous number of Job opportunities? The following table indicates common tourism-related issues and GIS application (Elliott-White, 1999). Table 2 Common tourism-related issues and GIS application Problem GIS Application Benchmark/database Systematic inventory of tourism resources Environmental management Facilitating monitoring of specific indicators Conflicts Mapping recreational conflicts; recreation-wildlife; user conflict Tourism behavior Wilderness perceptions Carrying capacity Identify suitable locations for tourism/ recreation development Prediction Simulating and modeling spatial outcomes of proposed tourism development Data integration Integrating socio-economic and environmental datasets within a given spatial unit Development control and direction Decision support systems Source: Bearer and Elliot-White 1999, p. 162 These two tables from Bearer and Elliot-White apparently reveal the benefits by utilizing GIS technology through tourism field. These advantages include improving land management with accurate data and spatial attributes, easing the conflicts, hanging the information over time and decision making. Mapping Different from the traditional paper mapping that only considering the surface look of the world, GIS mapping is far more complicated. One distinct difference is that all ego-information, such as land and other spatial characteristics have to be presented in one map. It allows the combination of tourists attributes such as objective types, categories of hotels and stations names and the postcodes; or the near nesses, distance, object locations with a designated rectangular map area Avionic, 2008). Such spatial feature information can be respectively presented by different layers ND then be amalgamated and finally becomes a digital map. It enables mapped can analyze layers separately when using this map. In these cases, the map contributes to simplify planning and management in tourism due to it specifies detailed components of the particular area. Figure 1 presented below is the example of layers for tourism industry what clearly shows people the constitution of a digital map Tourism using GIS in China An outstanding example from China that has been mature in this GIS tourism field is Hough city, what is located in the south east part in China. Hough city has a omelet digital-framed categorical platform with multiple applications in numerous aspects such as land monitoring, real estate managing, traffic monitoring, etc. Figure 2 below shows the general interface of the digital platform. Categorical tourism system is one of the subset under the entire digital system and it operates on two main elements: spatial and attribute data. Visitors can access this program using their phones and computer or those particular devices provided by hotels, and enter their starting point and destination and coordinate an optimal route for their trip. This program also has implicit geographical references like lace’s name, address, postcode, and road name and road number on it. Moreover, there are evaluations and comments given by former visitors showing up since visitors select the restaurants or hotels on the map. With this categorical tourism map, the numbers of visitors of Hough City gained an obvious increase. Visitors appreciated the convenience this technology has brought to them in optimizing the tourism planning. And because of this program, the traffic burden is mitigated during the peak period of tourism. Sustainability of GIS Tourism Unregulated tourism is generally regarded as an environmental unfriendly activity u to an excessive intensity and it consuming nonrenewable resources (Passbook, 2008). Depends on the seasonality of tourism, the negative elements influence natural, cultural, social and economic environment involve emission from transportation, erosion by building roads connecting landmarks, damages of local natural biodiversity. However, with GIS technology, engineers and experts can analyze the land then come up with better strategically management planning, and gradually minimize the negative impact brought by unregulated tourism. Conclusion As tourism is constituted by numerous complex activities, and all involved in terms of trial, cultural, social and economic environmental demands, thus a powerful tool is really necessary for its sustainability. GIS technology is proven to be one of the successful results for land management and decision making so far. The GIS has visual presentation of tourism data Avionic, 2008). Apart of this, from an engineer’s perspective, the spatial and non-spatial data contained by digital map dramatically contribute to effectively managing the land, easing the conflicts and risk, promoting the sustainability of tourism. Hereby, GIS technology utilization need to be proposed and extended in tourism field. How to cite Utilization of GIS in Tourism, Papers

Moment That Changed My Life free essay sample

Not many people can look back in their lives and pinpoint some exact moments that changed their lives. And to find the most important moment of all those moments is a hard thing to do for most of them. For me, I had two very important moments that had a huge impact on my life which are Participating in January 25th revolution and Joining the AUC. However, I find Joining the AUC is more important as it was a part of the influence I had that made me wanting to participate in the revolution. Joining the AUC was a very hard decision to make; it took a very long time to get it done. We have to go back to the beginning of the story, which can be divided to four phases of my life. The first phase would be my childhood. I always wanted to be an engineer, I was a huge fan of electronic devices, I loved to fix things, and I even tried many times to create new things of my broken toys. We will write a custom essay sample on Moment That Changed My Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Then, it was my late childhood when we got our first computer, I was about 10 back then, it was amazing and I used to spend hours playing and exploring new things about it, and that was when I started falling in love with computers. I had that computer for many years till I finished my last year in preparatory education with high grades, that was when I asked my father for a new better computer which I used to spend longer time using than I used to spend using the other as it was more developed and advanced. The second phase would be the end of my first year in secondary education, which is when the cause of the problem emerged. It was when I had to decide if I will go for science subjects or mathematics subjects. My mother is a doctor and my father is a lawyer, they both wanted me to be a doctor, I kept telling them that I do not want to go for medicine and that I wanted to go for computer engineering. My mother discussed it with me and she was telling me that if I do not get the required grade for engineering I will have to go for other fields and colleges that are too hard and their future career is not so bright but if I choose to study science and do not get the required grade for medicine I would have the chance to go for other good colleges like pharmacy or dentistry for example. As well as that, she tried convincing me through telling me the benefits of studying medicine and how it would help people greatly by lessening their suffering and pain which was the reason why she studied medicine and wanted to be a doctor. I was convinced easily and gave up my dream. The third phase would be when I got the required grades and even higher and joined the faculty of medicine in Zagazig University. When I and my family knew the results, we all were happy and celebrating, I was happy that I did not disappoint my parents and was done with the first step of fulfilling their dream. Then, school started, I was having fun and university life was a new experience that I enjoyed but after a while when I had to start studying, I was not interested in the subjects at all and found it too hard to study so I decided to leave it till the end of the academic year right before the exams by a month or two to study just for the exams not for knowledge, and it was it. I studied before the exams and got average grades but I was able to pass. It was a disappointment to my parents as they expected me to be of the highest grades students. I started complaining because I didn’t like it, and that was when my mother knew that if I keep on doing this it will be no good and I will end up wasting time and my life so she thought of asking my father to let me transfer to the AUC and study what I like which is engineering. My father refused as he wanted me to be a doctor and replied to her that I will do better in the next year and it was just because it was a new life for me. I was disappointed and started getting depressed, on the second year I did the same thing I did before in the first one but this time it was even worse and it did not work out good, I had four courses and I only attended final exams of only two of them and kept the other two for the next year. By the third year when I was actually repeating the two courses I did not attend their finals I went into deep depression which made my parents rethink of me joining the AUC all over again. And that was it; by the middle of the academic year I came to the AUC and applied. The fourth and the last phase would when I got my acceptance letter from the AUC, I remember that day, I was very happy and nervous at the same time as it was a dream I have been dreaming of for more than 3 years. My life has changed greatly and has been different since then. It is an amazing experience; I am having new friends, meeting new people every day and learning so many new things. I really do not regret making this decision.

Rock and Roll free essay sample

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Roberto Mussolini essays

Roberto Mussolini essays The moment I heard the name Rudolph Valentino it immediately caught my attention. His name reminded me of a combination of a fashion designer and a red nosed reindeer. When I heard who he actually was, I was even more intrigued. He was one of the main heartthrobs of the 1920s. Being a hopeless romantic myself, this description caught my attention. The only thing I had known previously about him before doing my research was that he was a good looking, enormously admired, actor. I wanted to find more out about this man. I wanted to take a look into the life of a 1920s movie star. I thought that the search process on Rudolph Valentino would be fairly easy. I thought I would go to Yahoo, type in his name, and hundreds of websites would appear at my fingertips. It turns out it wasnt that simple. Four days before the report was due, my Internet cable connection stopped working. I had heard that the system hadnt been working properly lately and I figured it would clear up in a day or so. A day goes by and I decide to bug my parents about trying to get it to work. They call the computer company and their advice was, wait a day or so. I was left with no idea who Rudolph Valentino is, two days to write a report and no Internet to find any information about him. I then resort to going to West Bloomfield Public Library. I always find it hard to find what I am looking for at libraries so it was my last resort. I walked over to the section that had books about movies stars. I looked in books for the name Valentino. About 5 books had information so I picked the three that looked the best. I didnt have much time there because I needed to finish my Literary Analysis that night. Therefore, I didnt look very closely at exactly how much information was in those three books. When I got home I looked in the books and realized there was about enough information in those books to write a half...

Theory and Practice Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Theory and Practice - Research Paper Example For instance, studies in mathematics and sciences have shown that better performance emanates from depth rather than breadth (Cogan & Schmidt, 2002). Teaching is termed successful, if students learn what has been taught. Therefore, this paper focuses on what students are learning. It is subdivided into three sections: the role of assessment in the context of instruction, most essential and long lasting concepts the students should be taught and, finally, the role of assessments. Beginning from looking at the role of assessment in the context of instruction, assessment is supposed to be developed to fit the learning targets set for the students in order to be supportive to the students. It should be consistent with methods of instruction as poor connection among learning targets. Instructions and assessment only amount to more than confusion and frustration leading to anger and despair. Learning is accompanied by a cognitive change and behavioral experience among people. Contrary to w hat teachers believe, much of what students learn come from experiences outside school rather than from classroom. Therefore, an ideal relationship should be established among learning targets, instructions and assessment. ... In determining what students are to learn, it best begins with one’s knowledge of the subject combined with their values as an educator. No time is sufficient for a student to learn all that is required of them. Factory model of schooling in which teachers rush to cover a topic after topic leaves little or no time for internalizing ideas and making the concepts gained a solid part of the student’s cognitive and behavioral experience. Students retain little of what is taught in courses that is based on content coverage other than deep understanding of the concepts. In the event that students cannot learn all that is taught, wise choices ought to be made about what is possible in a given fixed time. Learning goals and learning objectives are the terms used as labels for statements about what teachers want students to learn. Learning goals reflect ultimate aims of schooling; whereas, learning objectives focus more on knowledge and skills that help students attain their goa ls. The term subject areas are used to refer to conventional titles of content taught in school, while discipline refers to fields or study and work. Four questions can assist in framing learning goals for teaching and these include: evaluating the dimensions of the subject are to be taught, the chief aspects of these subject areas to students of a certain year and the level of sophistication. Students can, hence, continue working on the broad goals after moving to other teachers. The third question is the knowledge and skills within the discipline that will help students understand the working of other people in the field, the knowledge of people in the field that makes them successful and their

The Theoretical Foundations of the Old Diplomacy Are Outdated Essay

The Theoretical Foundations of the Old Diplomacy Are Outdated - Essay Example ..’ Its practice dates back to the earliest known civilizations, beginning, according to Hamilton & Langhorne (2011, p.7), when early human societies realized that it makes for much better peace and harmony to listen to a message rather than to eat the messenger. Political entities, even in those times, recognized the need to co-exist with one another, as well as to enter into unions and forge alliances - in defence or offence - against common threats and perceived enemies. Early diplomatic practice, which may have begun in the ancient Near East around the middle of the third millennium B.C. (Hamilton & Langhorne, 2011, p.8) provided the framework for this. The practice of diplomacy has evolved over time, with two broad classifications emerging: the ‘old diplomacy’, practiced up to the early part of the twentieth century and the ‘new diplomacy’, which succeeded it. Theoretical Foundations of the ‘Old Diplomacy’ The gradual evolution of ea rly political entities (clans, villages, tribes, etc.) over millennia gave rise to the birth of sovereign nation states. The need to maintain an orderly structure of international relations in order to secure the growing prosperity of the nation states, in other words, the necessity for diplomacy between expanding political entities with often competing interests saw the emergence in Europe of what has been loosely described as the ‘old diplomacy’. It had, according to Nicolson (1954, p.73-77), five principal features, as follows: 1. Europe was conceived as the most important of all the continents. The greatest nations of Europe (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia, France and Britain) were regarded as the ‘Great Powers’ while other nations had to wear the toga of ‘Minor’ or ‘Small Powers’ No war, it was believed, could become a major global threat unless one of the five great European powers got themselves embroiled in it. Thus Europ e was seen as holding the balance between war and peace on a general scale. 2. The ‘Great Powers’ were seen as pre-eminent over the ‘Small Powers’, having wider responsibilities, holding more prominent and sophisticated interests and possessing greater resources, whether in money or armaments. The ‘Small Powers’ were ranked in order of their strategic importance and position, their value as markets or sources of raw materials and their relation to the balance of power. 3. The ‘Great Powers’ arrogated to themselves the common responsibility for exercising oversight functions in regard to the conduct of affairs between the ‘Small Powers’ and the preservation of peace and amity amongst them, considering themselves invested with the authority to intervene directly and by force of arms where necessary, in disputes and disagreements between these ‘Small Powers’. 4. To secure and uphold the hegemonic structure th us put in place, there was the need to establish in every country a professional diplomatic service and an associated diplomatic corps built on a more or less identical model, with common standards of professional conduct. This made it possible for Ambassadors of various countries to relate to each other with mutual respect and confidence, even when the nations they represented were engaged in acrimonious disputes or warfare. 5. Following from the above, the rule was also established that negotiations between states should be

America Air Pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

America Air Pollution - Essay Example The air pollution was in the first industrial revolution because of massive amounts high-sulfur coal usage in the production process. Great amounts of industrial production largely used high-sulfur coal hence producing abundant SO2 into the air. Air pollution specifically in the cities is not a new encounter. In the Middle Ages, using coal in the cities had escalated. The challenge of poor quality of urban air as early as in the sixteenth century depended on the use of coal. After the first industrial revolution, the air pollution problem formed and developed during the second industrial revolution as a form of â€Å"smoke†. Many industries were located in the cities and towns. The fumes from these industries and the coal from domestic heating in the home made the levels of air population in the urban region be high. In times of foggy situations, the level of pollution increased leading to the formation of urban smogs (a mixture of fog and smoke). This made the cities in America to be brought to a halt, interfering with the traffic and causing the rates of death to increase dramatically. The influence of pollution on vegetation and building was obvious. In the year 1960 to 1990, the congress of the United States enacted a number of clean air acts that were useful in strengthening the air pollution regulation. These initiatives were followed by many states in the United States. The Clean Air Act established some numerical concentration limits of th e basic air pollutants thus giving the reporting and mechanisms of enforcement.

Central Giant Cell Granuloma (CGCG) Case Study

Central Giant Cell Granuloma (CGCG) Case Study ABSTRACT: Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is an intraosseous lesion which occurs as an uncommon benign condition in jaws. WHO defines this intraosseous lesions as â€Å"a lesion that contains multiple foci of haemorrhage, consisting of cellular fibrous tissue and there is trabeculae of woven bone. It may become aggressive leading to expansion and perforation of the cortex. Mobility and displacement of the involved teeth and root resorption are often observed. Here is a case report of an 18 year old female patient who is diagnosed with an aggressive type of CGCG. KEYWORDS: Central giant cell granuloma, granuloma, giant cell granuloma, giant cell lesions. Introduction Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is a benign proliferation of fibroblasts and multinucleated giants cells that almost exclusively occurs within the jaw. It commonly occurs in young adults showing a female predilection.1 CGCG rarely occurs in areas elsewhere other than the jaws, like maxillary sinus, temporal bone, cranial vault and other bones of the craniofacial complex.2 It was thought that CGCG is a reparative lesion as it develops in response to intrabony hemorrhage and inflammation secondary to trauma. However, it can be considered as an aggressive lesion because of its aggressive behaviour as seen in the present case. Case report A 18 year old female patient, presented with a painful swelling over the lower border of mandible of 3 months duration. The patient had a history of trauma 6 months back with fractured 31. On extra oral examination, gross asymmetry of face was seen with a diffuse swelling of approximately 34 cm size on chin. Lymph nodes were not palpable. Local examination revealed a diffuse swelling extending mentolabial sulcus, inferiorly below the lower border of mandible and antero-posteriorly extending from the midline to the level of corner of mouth both side extending 1.5cm size. Colour over the surface appeared normal; no ulceration or discharge from the swelling was seen. Surface of the swelling was smooth, consistency was hard. The swelling was non – fluctuant; No rise in temperature, no pulsations were felt. The swelling was tender on palpation. On intraoral examination, tenderness on palpation was evident in relation to left mandibular canine and first premolar. No lingual expansio n. Based on the history given by the patient and the clinical examination, a provisional diagnosis of traumatic bone cyst in relation to anterior lower border of mandible was given. However, radiographic examination was suggested to confirm the provisional diagnosis. Orthopantomographs demonstrated normal anatomic hard tissue structures with a diffuse radiolucency seen in the mandibular anterior region crossing the midline , measuring approximately 3 cm x 3.5 cm, extending medio-laterally from 34 to 44 and supero-inferiorly from the apex of mandibular anterior extending to 1.5 cm below the level of inferior border of mandible suggestive of expansion of inferior border of mandible with sclerotic border on superior aspect and no sclerotic border inferiorly. Based on the clinical and the radiographic examination, differential diagnosis of odontogenic keratocyst, ameloblastoma, osteosarcoma and central giant cell granuloma were considered. Histopathological evaluation of the excisional biopsy specimen showed the presence of connective stroma containing numerous young fibroblasts as well as multinucleated giant cells. Trabeculae of osteoid and woven bone were also seen in the periphery. Numerous extravasated RBCs were present within the connective tissue stoma. These findings are suggestive of CGCG, but in order to differentiate this from brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism, we carried out blood investigation, to find the serum calcium, serum phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase levels, which are found within normal limits. Based on the above histological and investigational findings, a diagnosis of CGCG was given. Discussion Central giant cell granuloma is a benign intraosseous lesion of the jaws. Jaffe in the year 1953, described this intraosseous lesion as â€Å"central giant cell reparative granuloma†.1 Since there is not reparative process, the name â€Å"reparative giant cell granuloma† was denominated. The etiology and pathogenesis of CGCG is unknown, but the granulomatous process is induced by an exacerbated reparative process due to trauma and haemorrhage.3 Giant cell granuloma is considered as a benign proliferation of fibroblasts and multinucleated giant cells that occurs almost exclusively within the jaws. It is seen in all age groups ranging from 2 to 80 years, but more than 60% of the cases occurs under the age of 30 years.5 Although Sex distribution varies in different reviews, CGCG show female predilection with a prevalence of almost twice that of males.4 It commonly occurs in mandible ,anterior to the first molar ,often crossing the midline. It occurs in the short tubular b ones of hands and feet and also in the other bones of facial skeleton and cranial vault but rarely occurs in craniofacial bones. 6 It may be peripheral or central. The peripheral lesions occur as pedunculated or sessile lesions where the central lesion is endosteal. Females, children and young adults have more predilection since the female male ratio is 2:1.7, 8 The main etiological factor for this lesion is trauma. The lesion progresses by accumulation of tissue which due to slow and continuous haemorrhage of multicentric nature as a result of trauma and defect in the capillaries. 9 Though the CGCG is a benign lesion, it occurs as aggressive and non-aggressive types. The aggressive type shows painful and rapid growth occurs in younger patients and often involves cortical perforation and root resorption and may recur. The non-aggressive type is of slow growing, asymptomatic, without any resorption or perforation of the involved teeth and it never recurs.10 The signs of CGCG are a painless swelling, which causes facial asymmetry, where the radiological investigations reveals that there is unilocular or multilocular radiolucency, which is well or ill-defined with variable expansion along with destruction of cortical plate. Since the radiological appearance of this lesion is not pathognomonic, it is usually confused with the other lesions of the jaws. But the final diagnosis is based on its histopathology, though the clinical and radiological features are not specific.11 Histopathological features reveal that it is comprised of dense proliferation of oval or spindle shaped cells with varying number of multinucleated giant cells containing 20 nuclei. There is a deposition of hemosiderin, extravasted RBC’s, foci of osteoid material dystrophic calcification around the periphery of the lesion.12 Though multinucleated giant cells are in more in number, they cannot be considered as proliferative cells, since the macrophages, mesenchymal cells and fibroblasts are accountable for the growth of the lesion. Hence these cells release cytokines that stimulate the proliferation and recruitment of blood monocytes to become osteoclast like cells.13 The multinucleated giant cells may be large or small in number and they may be irregular or round cells that contains more than twenty nuclei which are responsible for bone resorption and local progression of lesion.14 The giant cells containing more nuclei and dese cellular stroma are found to be more aggressive and may relapse after surgical treatment.13 Some studies reveal a significant difference in the number of giant cells in aggressive and non-aggressive lesions where other studies reveal only few differences in the cell size in histomorphic analysis. Some of them found that the aggressive lesions show the higher number of giant cells with more irregular shape, where the giant cells are larger. There is a an increase in the mitotic activity along with a difference in histomorphic analysis which indicates increase in the fusion of resident macrophages and recruitment of monocytes and also there is higher metabolic activity of multinucleated giant cells that shows an aggressive clinical behavior.15 According to the differential diagnosis of the central giant cell granuloma , based on radiological investigation, being a small unilocular lesions it may be confused with granulomas and periapical cyst and the large multilocular lesions it may be ameloblastoma or lesions the resemble PGCL ,aneurysmal bone cyst, central odontogenic fibr oma, brown tumor of hyperthyroidism, giant cell tumor. The CGCG and brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism resembles each other histologically, in having an intense endogenous brownish pigmentation of hemosiderin. The additional test that help in diagnosis are serum calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase levels which are normal in CGCG, but increased in brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism. The CGCG usually occurs in both maxilla and mandible but the giant cell tumour more commonly occurs in the epiphyses of long bones. But both the lesions appear as osteolytic defects radiographically but can be differentiated histologically. Evidence reveals that the giant cells are larger, numerous and more round in giant cell tumor in CGCG, with a higher number of nuclei and eventually dispersed. There is fewer foci of osteoid material, areas of haemorrhage and there is deposition of hemosiderin and fibrosis and the stroma contains large and oval cells. The aneurysmal bone cyst can be differentiated from CGCG in having a network of multiple cystic cavities fill with blood within thin walls. Depending on the clinical and radiographic findings, if there is a well-defined lesion, curettage can be done where there is low recurrence, but if it is extensive lesion with perforated cortex, the radical excision is mandatory. Sometimes even partial maxillectomy or mandibulectomy and jaw reconstruction plates or placement of bone grafts can be done. Conclusion Based on the clinical, radiological, histopathological features, it is considered as an aggressive variant of CGCG, which is rare in occurrence. More clarification is needed regarding the pathogenesis and nature of giant cell lesions.

Moby Dick :: essays research papers

Moby Dick is an extremely long novel written by Herman Melville. This book is an epic tale of a crazed sea captain hunting the whale that bit off his leg told through the eyes of a school teacher. As the story begins Ishmael is at the local boating dock looking for work. Ishmael being a school teacher has allot of time off as of the moment because the school is at recess, for what reason i don't know. He is in a tavern talking amongst the whalers. He asks if they know of any ships on witch he could board as a hand for the captain. One of the stories he receives is of a man named Ahab. He is offering good pay and good work for any man who wants to join him on his ship. the only problem is that people say that he is a rather evil man. Ishmael shes one of the ships hands and boards for a trip witch he will never forget. The ship sets sail and every thing seems to be going smoothly. Everything except one tiny detail, Ishmael hasn't seen the captain Ahab. He knows hes there because he has heard men talking to him, but Ishmael has yet to see him. When Ishmael finally dose see captain Ahab he is shocked. The man is a very evil looking person. Ishmael can see the fire in his eyes. He is shocked by the pure hatred of witch Ishmael speaks of Moby Dick, the whale who took his leg. Because Ahab comes off as such an evil man Ishmael doesn't want to become any sort of a friend of him. He develops a slight dislikement of him and begins to call him Stubb when he isn't around. As the story goes on it describes in very good detail what happens on their whaling trip. I don't know if this is a normal whaling trip or not because i don't do much whaling myself. Ishmael describes in great detail all actions taking place on the ship that he sees. Until one day. One day as this ship is sailing along a whale is spotted. It isn't just any whale though, it is Moby Dick. Ahab becomes what seems to be almost possessed. He is so enraged with the whale that he orders everything to be stopped and every man is to concentrate on killing the whale. He has every man loaded in to the whaling boats and he begins his chase. He shouts at his men, and screams at the whale. He curses it as if it were from hell.